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Occupational therapists (OTs) play a crucial role as leaders, in ensuring collaboration and fostering working relationships, when delegating tasks to rehabilitation support workers. Although occupational therapists may not directly supervise these workers, they can significantly improve task delegation, by applying a few key principles. Using a structured delegation model is key to enhancing the effectiveness of this process. This is particularly true in situations where the rehabilitation support worker operates independently, either through a community or private agency. One such delegation model is the 5 Rights of Delegation , developed by the American Nurses Association and the National Council of State Boards of Nursing. This comprehensive framework ensures that tasks are delegated appropriately and effectively. This model emphasises five key elements that are crucial for successful task management: Right Task The task assigned is appropriate for the rehabilitation support worker’s skills and scope of practice. Right Circumstance The context and conditions under which the task will be performed includes the necessary resources - and the environment is optimised to ensure success. Right Person The support worker’s qualifications and experience in the particular task assigned are sufficient to ensure competent task execution. Right Communication Detailed instructions have been provided. Open lines of communication and channels exist to clarify expectations and address any issues that may arise. Right Supervision A plan is in place for monitoring progress and providing feedback, even in the absence of direct supervision. To put this into practice, consider a specific case: Mr. Johnson is a 78-year-old client who is hemi-paretic, hemi-negligent, and experiences dysarthria and dysphagia, following a recent stroke. He has been assessed by his occupational therapist, but requires ongoing collaboration from a rehabilitation support worker - in order to achieve his goal of returning to independence, particularly with tasks at home, such as meal preparation. The occupational therapist can adopt a guideline that focuses on fostering a collaborative relationship with the independent rehabilitation support worker, to facilitate the care of this client. This approach begins with: 1) Providing Clear and Detailed Instructions Effective delegation begins with clear and detailed instructions. Occupational therapists should outline precisely what needs to be done , including any specific procedures, standards, or requirements that must be followed. For example, in the above case, a rehabilitation support worker is tasked with assisting a client with meal preparation. The occupational therapist should provide step-by-step guidance on the activity, including safety protocols related to Mr. Johnson’s particular needs.  Expected outcomes of the task would also be important to review, in planning for any potential deviation from the norm. Clear instructions help ensure that the rehabilitation support worker fully understands the task and can execute it correctly.   2) Ensuring Access to Resources and Support Ensure that rehabilitation support workers have access to the necessary resources and tools required to complete their tasks. This includes providing training materials, information or equipment. For instance, height-adjustable workstations or adapted kitchen utensils for the hemi-paretic client may be required. If a task requires specialised equipment, the occupational therapist should confirm that the rehabilitation support worker has access to it and understands how to use it . Providing additional support, such as training sessions, joint sessions, or informational resources, can also aid in task completion and professional growth. 3) Delegating Authority and Autonomy To empower rehabilitation support workers, occupational therapists should give them the authority to make decisions related to the task and allow them the autonomy to manage it within established parameters . In our case example, decisions left to the support worker may relate to the appropriate length of time spent on the task, as it relates to subjective and objective signs of fatigue, pain, or endurance. Autonomy builds confidence and allows rehabilitation support workers to adapt effectively to changing circumstances or challenges.   4) Setting Realistic Timelines and Deadlines Set a realistic timeline and deadlines for the task. Occupational therapists should clearly communicate the timeframe for task completion and any interim milestones. For example, if sessions with Mr. Johnston require weekly progress reports, the occupational therapist should specify the due dates for these reports. Providing a clear schedule helps rehabilitation support workers manage their time effectively and ensures timely task completion.   5) Establishing Clear Lines of Communication Effective communication is vital for successful delegation. Occupational therapists should establish clear lines of communication, so rehabilitation support workers can easily reach them or others for questions, clarification, or updates. If Mr. Johnston plateaus in his meal preparation skills, or repeatedly encounters safety concerns, maintaining a direct and regular communication channel is crucial. Offer regular check-ins, feedback, address any issues and make necessary adjustments to the task or approach . This helps rehabilitation support workers stay aligned with the client’s evolving needs and maintains high-quality care. 6) Using SMART Goals with Rehabilitation Support Workers Incorporate SMART ( Specific , Measurable , Achievable , Relevant , Time-bound ) goals into the delegation process, to set clear and actionable objectives for rehabilitation support workers. Occupational therapists should work with rehabilitation support workers to define SMART goals that align with the client’s needs and the rehabilitation support worker’s responsibilities . For example, a SMART goal for Mr. Johnston may include the exact placement of his mobility device during the task, the number of minutes remaining in his wheelchair and the timeframe for achieving independence with meal preparation. SMART goals provide clarity and direction, helping rehabilitation support workers focus their efforts and track progress effectively.   7) Monitoring Progress and Providing Continuous Feedback Monitor progress periodically and provide continuous feedback for successful delegation. Occupational therapists should regularly review progress notes and offer constructive feedback on the rehabilitation support worker’s performance. This feedback loop addresses issues promptly, keeps tasks on track, and allows for necessary adjustments. Continuous feedback also helps rehabilitation support workers refine their skills and improve their approach, maintaining high standards of care, even during repetitive tasks. 8) Evaluating and Reviewing the Task After completing the task, review and evaluate the results. Discuss what went well and what could be improved, to gain insights for future delegations. This evaluation process helps occupational therapists refine their delegation practices and enhance the overall effectiveness of task management.   9) Acknowledging and Rewarding Efforts Recognising and rewarding the rehabilitation support worker’s efforts and accomplishments is crucial for motivation and continued high performance. Acknowledgment of their hard work not only boosts morale , but also encourages ongoing commitment and excellence. Celebrating successes reinforces positive behaviour and contributes to a supportive work environment . Conclusion Although occupational therapists may not directly supervise some rehabilitation support workers or implement specific delegation strategies, they play a critical role in optimising the delegation process. By... providing clear instructions ensuring access to resources granting autonomy setting realistic timelines maintaining open communication using SMART goals monitoring progress and recognising efforts ...occupational therapists enhance the effectiveness of independent rehabilitation support workers. This comprehensive approach ensures that all professionals involved are well-equipped to deliver high-quality care. References American Nurses Association (2012) ANA’s Principles for Delegation . Available online: https://www.nursingworld.org/~4af4f2/globalassets/docs/ana/ethics/principlesofdelegation.pdf . Barrow, J.M. and Sharma, S. (2023) Five Rights of Nursing Delegation. 2023 Jul 24. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan–. PMID: 30137804. College of Registered Nurses of British Columbia (2013) Assigning and delegating to unregulated care providers . Available from: https://cnps.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/AssigningDelegatingUCPs.pdf . National Council of State Boards of Nursing (2016) National Guidelines for Nursing Delegation. In Journal of Nursing Regulation (Vol. 7, Issue1). Available from: https://www.ncsbn.org/public-files/NCSBN_Delegation_Guidelines.pdf .

In each setting and specialism that I have worked as an Occupational Therapist (OT), the adoption of routine has been key to the  recovery, rehabilitation or general maintenance of an individual's  health and/or well-being . In this article, I encourage you to consider, reflect on, or be reminded of the value of routines and rituals - for both you and those you support in practice... routine /ru: ˈti:n/ noun a sequence of actions regularly followed repeated behaviours that become second nature and require little conscious thought Personal practice experiences of utilising routine At an acute community 'rapid response' service By collaboratively adjusting medication timings, ensuring an appropriate frequency of welfare checks and structuring personal care support, older adults were kept safely in their home environment - rather than admitting them to hospital unnecessarily. By making (often minor) adjustments to how they went about their day, rates of falls and medication errors would reduce and clinical observations could be increasingly stabilised. This might also rely on the provision of adaptive equipment to carry out activities of daily living (ADLs), but it would ultimately make engaging in necessary occupations safer and easier . At an inpatient brain injury rehabilitation unit Post-stroke routine was crucial to orientation (time and place) and to restoring patient's cognitive abilities. Devised by a multidisciplinary team of therapists, a daily timetable incorporated occupation both as a means and an end* . This included set breakfast periods, when patients were encouraged to eat and drink in the dining room - providing context, orientation and social connection , within an appropriate physical environment. Early rehabilitation also involved gathering information from friends and family about the person's usual personal care routine, then accommodating for and encouraging these preferred methods and orders of task completion . In doing this, interventions exercised social and communication skills, as well as addressing cognition - including working memory and executive functioning (divided attention, planning, sequencing, problem-solving, etc). * Occupation as Means vs Occupation as Ends: ​Occupation as Means ​U sing the engagement and performance of occupations as intervention. ​Occupation as Ends The outcome of the intervention or goal is the ability to perform or engage in occupation. It does not necessarily mean the use of occupation was used directly as an intervention. [Gray, 1998]  For young people struggling with their mental health "Many people don’t realise just how much their routine - sleep, eating, exercise, work, how you like to do things - impacts their mental health until they’ve had their routine disrupted." - Dr Gold (Gilbert, 2023) Incorporating meaningful activity and social opportunity into daily routines provided a much-needed volition-boost , distraction from negative or unhelpful thought cycles and a chance to re-connect . The community-based mental health charity facilitated peer support, allowing teenagers to learn resilience tools and tips from others going through similar experiences. Planned meaningful activity, in a safe, after-school environment, included fortnightly art classes, evening discussion groups and weekly yoga sessions. Often linked to a reduced motivation to engage in normal daily routines, the self-care practices of those affected by mental ill health often break down. This potentially has knock-on effects to physical health, hygiene and self-esteem , among other domains. In turn, this may impact on an individual's social and/or work life. Factors are inter-connected, but routine intertwines all aspects of our lives. Adopting daily routines removes the stress of decision-making. For example, if your routine is to eat a bowl of cereal when you wake up, less valuable time is spent deciding what to have for breakfast. That frees up brain power for more important decisions as the day progresses, that deserve more of our energy and stress (Van Raalte, in Gilbert, 2023).  Within a paediatric disability service I have explored elements of routine management with parents of children, including those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), where behaviour that challenges can also impact on the wider family's daily life. Adapting showering or bathing methods, attending after-school clubs and staggering mealtimes are just a few examples of how triggering behaviours might be avoided or reduced. This often involves liaising with family members and other healthcare professionals, to establish if a child is sensory-seeking  or sensory-avoidant , then making minor adjustments to the execution of ADL(s). Alongside referring to a sensory advice service - and sometimes making home adaptations - parents can be empowered to support their child's daily routine. Goals might focus on engagement in an activity with greater ease, independence and/or safety.  In an outpatient neurorehabilitation centre I currently work with patients, often on intensive packages of rehabilitation, following a range of neurological conditions, including stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI). In neurologic rehabilitation, repetition is required to maximise levels of improvement and brain reorganisation, to facilitate an individual maintaining and making greater functional gains. Animal studies in neuroplasticity have shown that approximately 400-600 repetitions per day of a difficult functional task are needed before the brain reorganises. This means that... 'If an individual is working on a functional task such as grasping, it will take 400-600 repetitions of grasping per day to help drive neuroplasticity and cause changes in the brain' (Kimberly et al, 2010). And the link to routine? Well, whilst face-to-face occupational therapy and physiotherapy sessions might last two-to-three hours per day, how my clients engage in activity outside of the clinic will be just as key to their speed of progress and potential . Working with them on a functional home exercise programme (HEP), that fits realistically into their current routine, will help embed techniques, skills and abilities learnt in OT sessions. Away from clinical practice, I am sure you are more than aware of the power of routine (or a lack of it), as we coped with change throughout the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Regularised routines 'can buffer the adverse impact of stress exposure on mental health' (Hou et al, 2020), something that affected us all, to varying degrees. This relatively recent experience is highlighted in a piece by Megan Edgelow, who explores the influence of 'doing' on the quality of daily life - a concept that every occupational therapy professional holds close to their heart! I reference Megan, Assistant Professor at Queen's University, at the end of this article, but I would like to share her main points with you. Click the three statements below: Routines support cognitive function A daily routine and regular habits support cognition. They can even free people up to be more creative . According to research, regular work processes allow us to spend less cognitive energy on recurring tasks; in turn, this supports focus and creativity for more complex tasks. Researchers found that many influential artists have well-defined work routines , which might support their creativity, rather than constrain it. Research on the subject of memory has shown that regular habits and routines can support older adults' functioning in their home environments. For example, if taking medication at the same time and putting house keys in a particular place is part of a daily routine, less energy is used looking for lost objects and worrying about maintaining health. This frees up time in the day to do other things. Routines promote health Routines and rituals improve our sense of control over daily life , allowing us to take positive steps in managing our health. For example, making time for exercise can help meet recommended daily activity levels. The pandemic has played havoc with long-established routines and rituals; reflecting on how these might have changed might be a helpful first step to improved health. Routines can support our health in other ways, such as regular meal preparation , sleep hygiene and set bed times . These activities might sound simple but, with regular implementation, they can contribute to healthy ageing over our lifetime. Routines provide meaning Regular routines can stretch past daily task efficiency; they can ' add life to our days '. Evidence has shown that health-promoting activities, such as cycling or walking, offer chances to enjoy nature, explore new places and meaningfully connect with others. Research on the concept of flow - a state of full absorption in the present moment - shows that activities like arts, music, sports and games can be fulfilling and reinforcing (Nakamura and Csikszentmihalyi, 2009). Regularly taking part in meaningful, engaging occupations can also benefit our mental health. [Edgelow, 2022] How could you build on your own routines? Do you think you - or those you support in occupational therapy practice - could do with improved or adjusted routines? Take a look at these small steps, that might help cognitive functioning, promote better health and/or provide greater meaning in daily life: Decide on a regular time to wake in the morning and go to sleep at night; aim to keep to this most days of the week. Choose a familiar, low-stimulation 'wind-down' activity to precede going to bed (avoid screen time!) Organise your day with a timer or smart phone app ; put tasks you want to do into your schedule. Start a new leisure occupation or hobby, or take up an old one. Need ideas? Consider playing an in/outdoor sport, engaging in arts and crafts, playing a musical instrument or singing in a choir. Make physical activity manageable , with local walks or bike rides a few times a week. Or consider walking or cycling your commute to work, rather than driving or getting the bus (if this is realistic for you). In summary... Routines are powerful tools! Whilst the notion can sound mundane, research shows that implementing them can support better physical and psychological health, as well as social connection and wellbeing. Occupational therapists and therapy assistants can use routine to support patients and clients in their recovery, or to maintain a level of health and/or cognitive functioning. As occupational deprivation and disruption of the coronavirus pandemic passes, we all have the chance to evaluate routines that we want to keep and the meaningful occupations we need in our daily lives, to stay happy, healthy and productive. References Edgelow, M. (2022) What you do every day matters: The power of routines. The Conversation . Available from: https://theconversation.com/what-you-do-every-day-matters-the-power-of-routines-178592 [Accessed 23 March 2022]. Gilbert, K. (2023) 3 Expert-Backed Tips for Building Mental Health Routines That Stick (online). Peloton: The Output . Available from: https://www.onepeloton.co.uk/blog/mental-health-routine/ [Accessed 8 August 2024]. Gray, J. (1998) Putting occupation into practice: Occupation as ends, occupation as means. American Journal of Occupational Therapy . 52(5)3, pp.354-364. Hou, W.K., Lai, F.T.T., Ben-Ezra, M. and Goodwin, R. (2020) Regularizing daily routines for mental health during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Global Health . 2020; 10(2): 020315. doi:10.7189/jogh.10.020315. Kimberly, T.J., Samargia, S., Moore, L.G., Shakya, J.K. and Lang, C.E. (2010) Comparison of amounts and types of practice during rehabilitation for traumatic brain injury and stroke. Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development. 2010; 47(9): 851-62. doi: 10.1682/jrrd.2010.02.0019. Nakamura, J. and Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2009) Flow Theory and Research. The Oxford Handbook of Positive Psychology . 2 ed. July 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195187243.013.0018 .

If you are a practitioner, or are studying to become one, you will likely spend countless hours exploring the concepts of activity analysis (1) , purposeful activity , treatment strategies and various methods of assessment . However, definitions of occupational therapy often state that we work with the 'whole' patient. In our current medical environment, with its emphasis on productivity , do we actually take the time to treat the 'whole patient'? As I pass through the 38th year of my career as an occupational therapist (OT), it is a question that I frequently ask myself. I entered our field as a 'non-traditional' student - having spent four years in the military, followed by six more as a school counsellor, before discovering the field, quite by accident one day. Why do I see working with the ' whole patient ' as being so very important in delivering quality occupational therapy? Clients don't suddenly wake up one day thinking "Gee, I think I’ll go see an OT."  They are sent to us - usually not of their own choice . They are often in pain and frightened of the long term consequences of an injury, condition, or state in the ageing process. Most would rather be anywhere other than sitting in with us.  In the years I spent as an associate professor, I always advised my students to be conscious of the following: In those first few minutes of contact, TWO assessments are taking place. You are assessing the diagnosis and its impact on your client's activities of daily living (ADLs). But they are also assessing you.  Do you seem interested in them as a person, or do you come across as in a hurry to finish with them and get onto the next patient? Do they feel they can trust you - both in terms of your skills, as well as concern for them? In truth, not all of this flows from altruism on my part. One of the issues we frequently have with clients is engagement with the home program we provide them. I want my clients to understand that, for each 45-60 minute session I spend with them, they are the most important person in the room. It's this involvement that supports with their attendance to their care plan and recovery. Occupational Therapy is a collaborative approach, which supports with engagement in goals and recovery through purposeful activity. Plus, in all honesty, I want them to feel a bit guilty if they are not doing that home program. Sneaky yes, but I’ve found that it works! Developing a therapeutic relationship (2) has always been important to me, but building rapport is just as important. The process of developing that rapport does not even have to be intentional; it should be a part of who you are, how you treat anyone who walks through the doors of your clinic.  One of the faculty in our program was an older psychiatric occupational therapist, who came to us from the UK. Her name was Patricia O'Kane, so we assumed she was Irish. Most of her career had likely been in the 1950s-60s, based on her stories of work in various psychiatric hospitals. She had been 'classically trained', meaning that she proceeded from a psychoanalytic framework.  She related a story that has stayed with me across the years (even though I primarily work in physical disabilities)... Early in her career she worked in locked wards and she would remove the ring of keys that staff wore around their neck to enter a ward. Almost immediately, when entering one women's ward, she would encounter a naked patient, who lay with her head and most of her torso under a cast iron heater. We will call the woman 'Gloria'. She would always greet the patient with a "Good morning Gloria!"   Gloria never replied, or acknowledged this greeting. Months passed, the first psychotherapeutic medications (likely lithium), began to appear in these hospitals. A short number of days later, a young woman entered Patricia's office fully clothed and neatly groomed. To Pat’s surprise, the young woman addressed her, stating: "Ms O’Kane, my name is Gloria and I wanted you to know that the greeting and sight of your ankles every morning for the past year was what helped me maintain some semblance of sanity." Now this is what I mean by unintentionally building rapport. Gloria was not one of Dr. O'Kane's patients. Rather, out of her own caring, Patricia had reached out to this woman, on a daily basis. As an occupational therapist, I want to establish some medium of rapport with any patient or family member I meet in the hospital. I will make a special effort to help my clients feel comfortable and valued when working with me. But I also want that effort to extend to the elderly gentleman I run into in the hallway if he appears lost. What do you know of your patient's lives?  What have they experienced so far?  Gaining the trust of your clients will further your education. I assure you of that.  A few examples of how rapport-building and earning clients' trust can do this: My African-American clients have revealed to me what it was like to grow up here in the American South in the 'old days'. A Puerto Rican client told me of the history of indigenous people in his former country. An older woman - approaching the end of her life - told me that she had absolutely no interest in her own ADLs, as she knew she was dying . I asked her what she might want to do instead. She agreed to trade a bit of her remaining time doing ADLs, if I were willing to listen to her reminisce about her life as a concert pianist, performing all over the world. A World War Two (WWII) aviator, described initially as the 'laziest man you will ever meet', told me of his experiences in the Pacific in WWII. He shared how he came to decide that he would spend the remainder of his life flying in and out of remote locations in South America, bringing dentistry and religion to the inhabitants he met. I believe that occupational therapy can be one of the most fascinating occupations possible. After nearly four decades in the field, I continue to be fascinated by the stories of patients who 'walk' beside me for a time, as we work together to maximise their ability to perform ADLs and IADLs. I understand that productivity is what 'keeps the doors open', in the facilities in which I have worked. But for the 45 minutes I work with a client, it is the client who is the most important entity in the world for me . Further Reading and Resources The Occupational Therapy Hub (2024) Occupational Therapy - Activity Analysis . In 'Hub Store', on The Occupational Therapy Hub (online). Available from: https://www.theothub.com/product-page/occupational-therapy-activity-analysis . Abson, D. (2019) Therapeutic Use of Self . In 'Therapy Articles', on The Occupational Therapy Hub (online). Available from: https://www.theothub.com/article/therapeutic-use-of-self . The OT Practice (2019) Mental and Physical Health: Why they go hand in hand . In 'Therapy Articles', on The Occupational Therapy Hub (online).  Available from: https://www.theothub.com/article/mental-and-physical-health-why-they-go-hand-in-hand .

We believe in the power of occupation for health and wellbeing Your global occupational therapy community The online platform and app run by Occupational Therapists. Shaped by 21,000+ Members , in 195 countries. News + Latest Get involved! Free Membership Membership Plus+ Community dashboard lagalvin1 3d Measuring Occupational balance Amy Hill May 25, 2023 UK Masters course in OT Anita Carol Zaricor Sep 01 OT is more than a GG code Sharon Casey Aug 06 Ross and Wilson anatomy and physiology 16.00 pounds RACHNA S Aug 20 masters in ot Ageeth Hup Aug 05 VMI Beery set Ageeth Hup Aug 05 Write from the Start set Jamie Grant Dash · Mar 31, 2020 OT + Neurological Rehabilitation afomiaaab Jul 23 Experience that would be helpful for OT school application Latest OT CPD Courses (Plus+) Improve Client Outcomes with Positive Psychology 2 Plans Available More info / Join ADHD and Occupational Therapy 2 Plans Available More info / Join Therapy Article Highlights Clinical Reference The Power of Routine Reflective Journals Are You Treating the 'Whole' Patient? Clinical Reference Using Yoga to complement Occupational Therapy Passionately empowering clinicians, students and those they support The Mission To show the world the value of our health and social care profession . ​ To share knowledge and resources, across an international community. To provide a community of practice , reducing geographical and professional isolation. "The Occupational Therapy Hub is a great source of content and connection. Well done! I will share it with the rest of our team." ​ ​ ​ ​ Norma - Care Expert; Specialist Occupational Therapist; Manual Handling Consultant (LinkedIn, 2024) Testimonials Hub News Hub News Plus+ Hospital-induced immobility - a backstage story of lack of chairs, time and assistance In this 2024 study, 'the highest percentage of patients sitting in a chair for breakfast and lunch in the geriatric ward was 57% and 65%, and in the medical ward 23% and 26%, respectively. A facilitator for mobilisation was interdisciplinary collaboration; barriers were lack of chairs and time and the patients’ lack of help transferring.' Plus+ Members can read this paper within the (new) Acute Care / Rehabilitation theme of the Research Portal. 25/08/2024 Research Portal (Plus+) Free Forum: Masters in Occupational Therapy "I am eager to pursue a master's degree in occupational therapy. Which nation, in your opinion, offers the best resources for occupational therapists?" Please share thoughts you have with Rachna, in India. Not only will this help her, it will be printed evidence of your collaborative CPD... Join the conversation today - right here, or on-the-go, via The OT Hub app (iOS and Android). In advance - and on her behalf - thank you! 21/08/2024 Therapy Forum Plus+ The routines that help you age better, according to Spanish experts Scholars refer to sociological and psychological evidence highlighting the benefits of routines, particularly for older people, rather than viewing them as a restriction to creativity. Routines can aid structuring time, provide a sense of order and make us feel useful. "They also encourage participation in activities that are meaningful to the individual and provide occupational identity." Access this latest news and other stories from the profession worldwide, via OT Updates , included within Membership Plus+ . 15/08/2024 OT Updates (Plus+) Free New in your Resources + Services Portal: Virtual house 'Kyndi & Medway Virtual House' showcases equipment to support independent living. Launched by Medway Council (UK) in 2024, the online tool and guide suggests various objects for every room. It includes occupational therapy equipment, support aids and assistive technology. Discover and navigate around this handy online tool, via our portal's Promoting Independence specialism. 13/08/2024 Resources + Services Plus+ Research: Psychophysiological and interpersonal effects of parallel group crafting This 2024 study suggests that the setup increases parasympathetic activity and physiological synchrony, through different mechanisms - despite the absence of direct interaction. Results explain evidence for the use of crafts and groups in psychiatric occupational therapy (OT), such as increased relaxation. Upgrade to Plus+ and explore this primary research, within the Creative Occupations section of the Research Portal. 07/08/2024 Research Portal (Plus+) Est. 2017 Seven years... Onwards and upwards for OT! On 1st August, The Occupational Therapy Hub turned seven years old . From native languages of Urdu to English and Welsh, Indonesian to Hindi, our team members wish you - the global platform's community - a very Happy Birthday! Collectively, let's continue onwards and upwards for OT and those it supports daily. Take a look below at the many ways you could be an active part of the profession's growth , whilst working on your own continuing professional development (CPD ). 01/08/2024 Get involved today!

< Specialisms Resources + Services Portal Mental Health + Useful resources and services, for your care and career. This is an expanding directory and community suggestions are not definitive. K now of a resource or service that should be featured? Suggest an entry 100 ways to Support Recovery (Rethink Mental Illness) Rethink Mental Illness - 100 ways to Support Recovery ​ 100 Ways to Support Recovery is a free practical guide for mental health professionals to work in a recovery-oriented way. ​ [UK CHARITY; IDEAS APPLICABLE WORLDWIDE] Visit > 24 Character Strengths (Peterson and Seligman) Professors Christopher Peterson and Martin Seligman believe that each of us possesses 24 character strengths. Which ones do you particularly identify with? ​ Source: Character Strengths and Virtues: A Handbook and Classification (Peterson and Seligman, 2004). ​ [BOOK AVAILABLE WORLDWIDE] Visit > Adult safeguarding: e-learning course (SCIE) This resource, by SCIE, explores the following questions: ​ What is adult safeguarding and how does it affect each and every one of us? How do I recognise the types and indicators of abuse? What can I do if I suspect that someone is being harmed? What should I do if I believe someone is being harmed but the person asks me to keep the information confidential and take no action? What can I do to make it much less likely that a person might be harmed? How do I ensure that adult safeguarding is managed correctly in the context of the Mental Capacity Act 2005 ​ This e-Learning course module is free to use, however to access the course you will need a free MySCIE account. ​ [UK-BASED; AVAILABLE WORLDWIDE] Visit > Borderline personality disorder: recognition and management (NICE Guidelines) This guideline makes recommendations for the treatment and management of borderline personality disorder in adults and young people (under the age of 18) who meet criteria for the diagnosis in primary, secondary and tertiary care. The guideline also covers the treatment and management of people diagnosed with emotionally unstable personality disorder based on ICD-10 criteria. ​ Clinical guideline published: 28 January 2009 [Source: NICE online ​] ​ [UK ORGANISATION; INFORMATION APPLICABLE WORLDWIDE] Visit > Bristol Independent Mental Health Network (BIMHN) Our mission: To have excellent and improved mental health services - that listen to everyone who has used, is using or intending to use mental health services across Bristol.​ Promoting an effective voice to improve mental health services for all. ​ The Bristol Independent Mental Health Network (BIMHN) represents a diverse community of past, current and future users of Bristol’s mental health services, as well as those with lived experiences of mental health. We provide a safe space for people to confidentially share their needs and experiences of services, while we campaign for change by holding local providers to account. BIMHN also acts against discrimination, and promotes a positive understanding of mental health through education. We hope that by challenging current practice, we can increase parity of esteem and instigate worthwhile change, allowing people to access the care that they deserve. ​ [UK: BRISTOL SERVICE] Visit > Bristol Mental Health Services for Children and Young People (Bristol CCG/BIMHN Directory) Bristol Independent Mental Health Network (BIMHN) and Bristol CCG have co-produced a directory of mental health services for children and young people in Bristol. The directory aims to serve as a “single go-to place for information about children and young people’s emotional health in Bristol.” Bristol CCG notes in its publication: It provides a place for children and young people, their families and professionals to get quick, easy and direct access to up-to-date mental health information, including:- ​ Clear, accurate information about support and services available in Bristol Information about a range of common mental health problems such as anxiety and stress Self-help tools and information including downloadable resources ​ [UK: BRISTOL SERVICE] Visit > Day by Day Support Services - Ó Lá Go Lá Day by Day Support Services - Ó Lá Go Lá - is a not-for-profit organisation registered in Ireland. It was set up to provide supervised support to help reduce suicide, depression and other stress-related Illness to service users, who are in need of emotional support and encouragement. The support we offer is not advice, therapy or counselling - and it is not intended to replace any of the above. What we do offer is instant online support to a person who may be experiencing something in their life which they may be finding difficult to cope with. Our service's are a stepping stone for the individual until they are ready to reach out and have the necessary provisions for professional help and support put into place. • Peer-to-peer support platform - facilitated and monitored through social networking site Facebook. It is facilitated by trained admins. We invite our service users to come and support each other through discussion, topics and open forums. Get involved: www.facebook.com/olagola • Our non crisis support is offered through a confidential email support service. Service users of our non crisis email service are offered confidential, emotional support and encouragement and are often signposted to other relevant organisations/supports best suited to each individuals needs and location. Emails are answered within 48-72 hours: noncrisis@olagola.org • Crisis support is available through an instant chat messaging service, for individuals who deem themselves to be in crisis. This is a one-to-one confidential support service with one of our administrators [REGISTERED IN IRELAND; SERVICE AVAILABLE NATIONWIDE] Visit > Five Ways to Wellbeing A toolkit for working with young people, whether in a school, youth club or community setting. Designed for those living in Hertfordshire (UK), but information is applicable worldwide.​ Alongside a breakdown of the five ways (Connect, Be Active, Take Notice, Keep Learning, Give), the toolkit explains why improving young peoples’ wellbeing is important. It introduces practical ideas for using the Five Ways to Wellbeing when working with young people . Credit: Hertfordshire County Council (January 2015) + Five Ways to Wellbeing Handout (PDF) [UK RESOURCES; INFORMATION APPLICABLE WORLDWIDE] Visit > MH4OT - OT Assessment Index An assessment index from Mental Health 4 Occupational Therapy. ​ The Aim: To make a small corner of the internet where mental health Occupational Therapists are able to keep abreast of the latest developments in our profession and become more well rounded clinicians, through self-guided learning and networking. ​ [INTERNATIONAL RESOURCE] Visit > Mental Capacity Act: e-Learning course (SCIE) This resource explores the Mental Capacity Act 2005, including best interests decision-making, and how to support people to make their own decisions. ​ The course is for everyone who looks after or cares for someone, for example, doctors, nurses, care assistants, social workers, and family members. ​ [UK GOVERNMENT ACT; UK RESOURCE; INFORMATION RELEVANT WORLDWIDE] Visit > Mental Health Recovery Star The Recovery Star has been designed for use with adults managing their mental health or recovering from mental illness. ​ The Recovery Star covers ten key areas: ​ Managing mental health Physical health and self care Living skills Social networks Work Relationships Addictive behaviour Responsibilities Identity and self-esteem Trust and hope ​ [INTERNATIONAL OUTCOME MEASURE] Visit > Mental Health at Work (Mind) Whether you work with 10 people, 10,000 people or just yourself, paying attention to mental health in the workplace has never been more important. Mental Health at Work is here to help you find the information and resources you need. ​ Mental Health at Work is curated by Mind , the mental health charity, and funded by The Royal Foundation as part of their Heads Together campaign. ​ [UK-BASED RESOURCE; INFORMATION APPLICABLE WORLDWIDE] Visit > Model of practice: Model Of Human Occupation (MOHO) MOHO seeks to explain how occupation is motivated, patterned, and performed. MOHO is intended for use with any person experiencing problems in their occupational life and is designed to be applicable across the life span. It is commonly used in mental health settings, highlighting an individual's 'volition' and motivators. ​ [INTERNATIONAL MODEL OF PRACTICE] Visit > Off The Record (Bristol) Off The Record, OTR Bristol opened its doors in 1965 and can justifiably claim to be one of the oldest established young people's mental health services in the country. ​ We run services and projects to promote and improve mental health and wellbeing for young people in Bristol and South Gloucestershire. All of them are delivered by a team of super-friendly staff and volunteers and have been designed with the help of young people. Our team come from a wide range of backgrounds and work in a variety of ways. They’ve all been chosen to work at OTR because whatever technique they have trained in, they will listen and won’t judge. ​ Aims To support young people to empower and intellectually defend themselves through the provision of mental health services and development work To promote positive mental health and the resilience of all young people To challenge the wider social and structural inequalities that lead to poorer mental health and life chances ​ [UK: BRISTOL CHARITY] Visit > SAGE Greenfingers SAGE stands for Support Arts Gardening Education. We promote the mental and physical well-being of adults experiencing mental health problems, via the provision of creative therapeutic activities. ​ We can offer support to men or women over 18, whose life is troubled by mental health issues. These might range from mild to severe and include diagnoses such as anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, panic attacks and PTSD. We are also able to accommodate adults who have a dual diagnosis of learning disability and/or physical disability. Visit > Sheffield Flourish Owned by the community, we aim to involve people who live with mental health conditions in everything we do. We help people to share their stories by publishing them on our website. We offer a wide range of activities suitable for people living with mental health conditions. We organise fun and interesting monthly community events based on different themes . We even help people to realise their enterprising ideas . ​ [UK: SHEFFIELD ORGANISATION] Visit > Springboard (Sheffield Mind) The Springboard is for people who are feeling low, isolated, anxious or struggling to manage their mental wellbeing. It is aimed at those who are ready to begin, or are on the road to recovery. You can come along and have a chat about your situation and find out what is available to help you to move forward. The Springboard runs in 4 different locations around Sheffield. ​ The Springboard offers: a warm friendly atmosphere with refreshments provided trained volunteers available to offer support and advice information about opportunities and services encouragement and support to try new things the opportunity to try activities within the Springboard and the Time Builders programme the opportunity to make friends encouragement and support to take ownership of your situation ​ [UK: SHEFFIELD SERVICE; UK CHARITY] Visit > Survivors of Depression In Transition (SODIT) A support group for women who experience depression and mental health illness. Survivors of Depression is all about giving women a chance to move on from their illness, or period in life which has been very straining on family life and personal life. We have seen many women now who have managed to move on from the group, towards a happy and fulfilling life. This is at the heart of what we do, and also what the government’s reform agenda in health is all about. ​ Our main aims: ​ The relief of sickness and preservation of health among women residing permanently or temporarily in Sheffield To protect the mental health of women with depression and related illness, through support, education and practical advice To advance the education of the general public in all areas relating to depression and related illness ​ [UK: SHEFFIELD SUPPORT GROUP] Visit > Understanding borderline personality disorder (Mind) This booklet is for anyone experiencing borderline personality disorder (BPD). It explains what the diagnosis means and what it’s like to live with BPD. It also provides information about self-care, treatment and recovery, and gives guidance on how friends and family can help. ​ [Source: Mind online ] ​ [UK CHARITY; GUIDANCE APPLICABLE WORLDWIDE] Visit > Violence in the Occupational Therapy Workplace - Learning Module (University of Alberta) The 7 units in this module provide detailed information about violence in health care workplaces. They include a clear definition, a description of the factors that increase the risks of violence and realistic actions and resources that can be used, to prevent and manage wide-ranging forms of workplace violence. + CPD certificate available This free, online learning module was developed by Occupational Therapists, for Occupational Therapists. The work was carried out at the University of Alberta, with funding support from the Government of Alberta, Canada. We would like to thank all of the Occupational Therapists and occupational therapy students who contributed to this project - your input was invaluable. ​ [FOUNDED IN CANADA; AVAILABLE WORLDWIDE] Visit >

< Specialisms Resources + Services Portal Housing + Useful resources and services, for your care and career. This is an expanding directory and community suggestions are not definitive. K now of a resource or service that should be featured? Suggest an entry Beyond Accessibility Beyond Accessibility is created by a team of therapists who specialise in how people live in the home environment. We create and publish home modification information for OTs, healthcare professionals, home owners and contractors. We are passionate about finding practical solutions to everyday problems at home that go beyond making environments accessible. Our goal is to connect people with quality resources to improve how people live by implementing customised solutions to everyday problems at home. Visit > Branch Properties Are you having problems finding an accessible property to rent or purchase for your client? We provide a personal, specialist service designed for those requiring accessible homes and can offer advice and project manage adaptions or modifications. Let us do the hard work, so you don’t have to. ​ [UK: LONDON-BASED; SERVICES AVAILABLE NATIONWIDE] Visit > Design Council - The principles of inclusive design Inclusive design aims to remove the barriers that create undue effort and separation. It enables everyone to participate equally, confidently and independently in everyday activities. This guide explains the principles of inclusive design, and gives examples of inclusive design methods for new buildings. [UK-BASED; INFORMATION APPLICABLE WORLDWIDE] Visit > Freedom by Symphony Freedom is a multi-generational accessible kitchen concept designed and manufactured by the Symphony Group. The Freedom range embraces both specialist design features and the latest kitchen styles to create attractive, accessible and Doc-M compliant kitchen designs. Freedom kitchens can be designed to your clients requirements, combining unrivalled functionality and style to create the perfect kitchen, without any limitations. Symphony has developed Freedom in collaboration with the UK's leading expert in accessible design, Adam Thomas. Adam has an unparalleled reputation, with over 35 years of design experience alongside years of research in the field or accessible and multi-generational living. Visit > Healthy & Independent We are specialists in minor and major adaptations, manual handling people and mindfulness in social care. Teaching the correct handling techniques are essential, in order to minimise any risk of accident and to increase safety and dignity. We offer clinical support and workshops online and in situ. [SERVICES AVAILABLE IN SPAIN AND THE UK] Visit > Occupational Therapy Adaptation Conference (OTAC) The UKs only FREE Occupational Therapy Adaptations Conference and Exhibition Event. The conference focuses on bringing suppliers and OTs together in one place - in different venues across the UK - with one aim: to improve the industry as a whole and provide better value to the end user. Who should attend? Occupational Therapists, occupational therapy assistants and support staff, commissioners, people working within housing (surveyors, architects and technicians), occupational therapy students and charities and charitable organisations. The list of exhibitors we have exhibiting with us is endless. For instance:- The Royal College of Occupational Therapists, Handicare, Guldmann Hoists, Kingkraft, SensoryKraft, Capia PIP, Careflex, FRANKE, Clos-o-Mat, Impey, Safespaces, Triton showers, Geberit, Mangar, Langham GE, AKW, DLF, Otolift ...and many more. You can see the full details and listings on our website. Our event is a FREE event for delegates and we include refreshments throughout. Each venue holds around 500 Delegates and tickets are available for all of them on our website or via Eventbrite. [UK-WIDE CONFERENCES] Visit > SGN Locking Cooker Valve SGN manages the network distributing natural and green gas to 5.9 million homes and businesses across the south of England and Scotland. Our free locking cooker valve helps customers living in vulnerable circumstances across the UK retain their independence at home and provides reassurance to carers and relatives. The simple safety device is fitted to existing gas cooker pipework. When the valve is locked, the gas supply to the cooker is stopped and eliminates the risk of the cooker being unintentionally turned on or left on when the carer or relative leaves the house or the room. ​ [UK GAS NETWORK; LOCKING COOKER VALVE AVAILABLE NATIONWIDE] Visit > The Platform Lift Company Offering one of the biggest ranges of home lift solutions, including open residential platform lifts and cabin style residential lifts. Whether you want to achieve access to the different floors within your home or to overcome an architectural barrier, such as a flight of steps, The Platform Lift Company will give you a variety of options to suit your individual needs and living space. ​ [UK-BASED; SERVICES AVAILABLE NATIONWIDE] Visit >